Lecture notes - A level geography: introduction to coasts 2. There are two types of coastal management, hard engineering, which involves building structures to protect the coast. Sanctuary scholarships. They are permeable. This document is the prior work of another student. ERIC - EJ801885 - An Environmental Management Qualification through How is urban planning improving the quality of life for the urban poor in Mumbai? [MISSION 2023] SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 01 1.3 Low Coasts. Each SMP identifies all the natural and human activities that occur within the coastline area of each sediment cell. The coast in this region is highly developed and is both strategically and economically important to the area. Or soft engineering, which works with nature, using natural materials, or allowing nature to take back areas. Employing the ideal gas model with k=1.4k=1.4k=1.4 for the air, determine (a) the work developed by the turbine, in kJ\mathrm{kJ}kJ per kg\mathrm{kg}kg of air flowing, and (b) the temperature at the exit, in K. Ignore kinetic and potential energy effects. Each question is of 2 marks. An Assessment of Water Quality and the Locals' Perception of Coastal An SMP is a large scale project to assess the risks associated with coastal processes and to devise strategies to reduce the risk to coastal communities and the environment (http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk). North Norfolk is a very good example of an area where the coast in under constant threat from erosion. Sand and shingle must be sourced from somewhere else, usually by dredging. UPSC Prelims 2021 Question Paper - General Studies Paper 1 Coasts are an important environment, and the underlying physical processes and management of the coast form a key part of the A-Level Geography specification. Water quality and pollution management in the UK. Losers people who have not had their property saved or see the coastline being concreted over through defensive measures, which they see as a negative environmental impact. Which hard engineering approach is the most problematic? Hold the line - this is when coastal defences are built or maintained to protect a coastline against the impacts of sea level rise and . (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Sulawesi, Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami 2018, Almera, Spain: a large-scale agricultural development, Sustainable food supplies in an LIC Bangladesh, How can the growth of tourism reduce the development gap? From a physical geography perspective, the ICZM works with the concept of littoral cells. It recognises that sediment eroded in one location may form a protective beach elsewhere. Coastal Ecosystem Assessment with an Integrated Approach to Land and How has the vegetation in the temperate deciduous forest adapted to the climate? Hold the Line - retain existing coastline - maintain current deference's, upgrade or install new ones. Each littoral cell is isolated from the adjacent cells and managed as a holistic unit. What is Nigerias location and importance? It absorbs the energy of waves and helps build up beaches. Cyclones, its mitigations and measures - Cyclones Cyclone Prone Areas Grants and scholarships. 1 / 10. As a result of the rapid urbanisation in China, the ecological system in urban areas has become fragmented, posing a threat to ecological stability. Identify the INCORRECT statement. This is where all the coastlines are divided into littoral cells containing sediment sources, transport paths and sinks. The disadvantages are that the ongoing costs are high as the sediment needs replacing every few years as waves remove it. Changing rates of rainforest deforestation. What are the physical characteristics of cold environments? Hard engineering involves building artificial structures that aim to prevent erosion. Limestone Case Study Malham, The Yorkshire Dales. A Level Geography OCR A Level Geography Coastal Landscapes Coastal Landscapes This topic is included in A Level Component 1 for OCR Geography. Coastal management must be sustainable; any strategy adopted must not cause unnecessary damage to the environment, peoples homes and livelihood and should not cost too much. The isentropic turbine efficiency is 92%92 \%92%. What are the air masses that affect the UK? To achieve this, a variety of teaching methods are employed, including: lectures, practicals, tutorials . Strategies: Sea Wall Wooden Groynes repaired and built at a cost of 5.2m BUT: Improves the strength of the cliff and prevents rocks from falling. In these areas, the project is seeking to plant mangroves and other shelterbelt species, protect the Olive Ridley sea turtles and other aquatic life, and pilot shoreline protection in the village of Pentha. Economic opportunities and challenges in Lagos. Fig. Coastal Deposition Use the images below to find out more about each case study. Distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes, Effects of earthquakes and volcanoes on people and the environment, Reducing the impacts of earthquakes and volcanoes, Population and settlement iGCSE Geography, The main causes of a change in population size, A country with a rate of high population growth China, A country which is over-populated Bangladesh, A country which is under-populated Australia, A country with a low rate of population growth or decline Japan. As a result, it is less expensive to implement and maintain and creates more long-term and sustainable solutions than hard engineering projects. There are 11 sediment cells in England and Wales. Not Subscribed Subscribe to A Level Geography to access 600+ resources, plus 18 new Factsheets each year. Free and expert-verified textbook solutions. Create a more consistent water level that can be used for hydroelectricity. Geography Case Studies - Internet Geography Cost-wise they are not too expensive, 150250 (depending on material). This programme prepares students for entry-level occupations, and equips them with the knowledge, skills and values needed to contribute to sustainable development. Download Cost Benefit Studies Of Natural Resource Management In Mappleton | A Level Geography What are shanty town improvement schemes? These do not exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland, where the devolved governments and local authorities are jointly responsible for coastal protection. These are highly visible solutions which help reassure coastal communities. The idea of cliff stabilisation is to limit the amount of erosion and the potential for landslides, collapse, and falling rocks. The significance of food, water and energy, An overview of global inequalities in the supply and consumption of resources, Carbon footprints, food miles and moves towards local sourcing of food. What were the reasons for coastal management at Mappleton? ['This book explores current threats to, and consequences of, climate change on existing tourism coastal destinations. Disasters that often occur due to climate change and subsidence result in the destruction of coastal communities' property, loss of life, agricultural land cannot produce optimally, and tsunamis, tidal floods, and liquefaction are increasingly common. Coastal Protection and Management - Hard Engineering - A Level Geography Erosion rate is 5 m per year (dredging and wall construction in Liverpool makes less material available, Board walks for visitors (Don't trample on the sand), Less than half the price of our monthly plan. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Explain a sea wall in regards to coastal engineering? . Hornsea Case Study - Internet Geography These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Dunes are a barrier to beach access and creating new dunes results in a land loss. Modern sea walls are designed to dissipate, not reflect, wave energy. The landward retreat of the shoreline can be measured and described over a temporal scale of tides, seasons, and other short-term cyclic processes. They are vertical stone or timber fencing, which is built at 90 degrees to the coast. 1.2 High Coasts Featuring Cliffs. Hard & Soft Engineering Coastal Management Case Studies - A-Level The beach is made wider by using sand and shingle. They are cost-effective compared to other techniques. Coasts Investigate processes, landforms and management strategies for coasts using the links below. Why does the coastline need to be managed? Requires maintenance and can be expensive. retain existing coastline maintain current deferences, upgrade or install new ones, it may not be technically, environmentally or economically possible to do coastal defence work, this is used to manage the rate and process by which the coast retreats, build new defences seaward, in front of the land, to protect the land behind, 3 Break waters were installed at Siloso Beach, Singapore. Fishing in protected zones is prohibited and this has led to stocks of previously threatened species of fish, including coral trout and red emperor fish, recovering significantly (http://www.jcu.edu.au). Planting dead trees in the sand to stabilise dunes. . 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A range of management techniques has limited coastal erosion at Hornsea. Protect the coastal zone in a relatively natural state whilst allowing people to use it and develop it in different ways. They are similar to a sea wall but more sloping. Rip-rap is relatively cheap, 13506000. What is the value of the tropical rainforest? Coastal barrage partly submerging dam-like structures that control the tidal flow. Universitt Basel PGC . Company Registration Number: 8600593 Business Studies. The Barrier Reef became a marine park in 1975 and was designated a World Heritage site in 1981 (Dove et al, 2009). It is a dynamic strategy where decisions are re-evaluated if the environment or demands on the area change. Awesome A-Level Coastal Landforms Essays & Coursework Examples that have been Marked by Teachers and Peers allowing for the best possible results. of the users don't pass the Coastal Management quiz! This essay will look at three areas in the world where the management of the coastline is paramount to prevent further erosion and destruction of valuable ecological regions. Therefore, it can be seen that zoning has been vital in creating a balance between the needs of industry, government, community and the ecosystem to ensure that the Great Barrier Reef remains sustainable and protected. -Home to 4m people. They increase the beach and thereby tourist potential; they protect the land behind the structure and work with natural processes to build up the beach. Governance approaches include Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs), Sustainable Integrated Approaches (SIA) and Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). The site is self-funded and your support is really appreciated. Our partners will collect data and use cookies for ad personalisation and measurement. Four states (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal) and one UT (Puducherry) on the east coast and one state (Gujarat) on the west coast are highly vulnerable . Certain areas of the coast are allowed to erode and flood naturally. Coastal management must be sustainable; any strategy adopted must not cause unnecessary damage to the environment, people's homes and livelihood and should not cost too much. However, they may inhibit longshore drift and speed up the erosion process elsewhere. How has urbanisation helped Nigeria to develop? The United Kingdom also needs to manage its coastline as the next two case studies will show. Quizlet revision sets. Coastal erosion is the loss or displacement of land, or the long-term removal of sediment and rocks along the coastline due to the action of waves, currents, tides, wind-driven water, waterborne ice, or other impacts of storms. What are active, dormant and extinct volcanoes? I should probably buy a mic.Be safe!Miss Nawaz What is the structure of the Temperate Deciduous Woodland? Hard engineering techniques are typically used to protect coastal settlements. Its aims are: Coastal management involves decisions that will affect peoples lives. The characteristic style of rural houses is an important manifestation of the historical and cultural values of rural areas and is the key focus of the implementation of the strategy for the construction of beautiful China and the revitalization of rural areas. Coastal Management Case Study A Level Geography | Top Writers CBSE Class 12 Geography 5 Marks Question. Sea walls are a physical barrier against erosion. Use the images below to find out more about each case study. The Holderness Coast Case Study - Internet Geography What are the main hazards generated by volcanic activity? This research aims to develop a GIS-based model that can inform urban ecological network construction and . Everything you need for your studies in one place. In the case of humans, we use the coastline for agriculture, for fishing, for industry and power generation, for transport routes and for land upon which to live. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) is over 2300km long and is made up of over 2900 reefs and 940 islands and cays. An understanding of coastal management strategies is a requirement of all A level specifications. Human beings, plants and animals all use the coastline for different things. What are the social and economic opportunities associated with the growth of Rio? Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. Fortunately, the UK has frameworks in place for dealing with coastal management. The areas that this essay will use as case studies are; the Great Barrier Reef in Eastern Australia, Happisburgh in Norfolk and Southampton Water in Hampshire. So, in order to manage the reef, a zoning programme has been implemented. Approximately two-thirds of the worlds population live within a few kilometres of the coast. 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How is a cold environment interdependent? Winners people who have gained from the decision which have been made either economically (property saved) or environmentally (habitats conserved), or socially (communities). The Holderness Coast is a great case study to use when examining coastal processes and the features associated with them. Has a substantial impact on the environment. coastal areas must be regulated, the complexity and dynamic nature of land sea con - nections create challenges for governance systems. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. Chemical analysis of water samples, field observations, and a structured survey questionnaire was used to assess the state of the lagoon. This is used to help decide whether defending a coastline from erosion and or flooding is worth it. Anak Krakatau & Sunda Strait Tsunami Indonesia Case Study 2018. In Phuket in Thailand, erosion has caused the loss of beaches. This must surely be more cost effective in the long run and more desirable in terms of maintaining the coast's natural beauty. The study results show areas at high risk for earthquake, landslide, fire and flood disasters and disaster mitigation measures to reduce risks to hazard, vulnerability and resilience factors. What are the differences in global calorie intake and food supply? They can have a step or bullnose profile. Because of this, there is a growing need to assess the integrated impact of SLR taking into account the interactions between physical and ecological . Exam place: . Almera in Spain: a large-scale agricultural development, Sustainable Food Supplies in an LIC Bangladesh. What is that greatest rate? Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. Geography Case Studies All of our geography case studies in one place Coastal Erosion Use the images below to find out more about each case study. 3: Gabion reinforced with earth in Sveti Rok, Croatia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SvetiRok.jpg) by Antonio Canfora (no profile) Licensed by CC BY-SA 3.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en), Fig. Having understood the spatial reality of coastal conflicts in Chilo, various proposals for the delimitation of coastal zones in different parts of the world were reviewed, especially from Ibero-American states (e.g., [56], [57], [41], [9], [47]).The fourth step consisted in selecting the delimitation criteria and grouping them into fisve categories: arbitrary, ecological and physical . They reflect wave energy rather than absorb it, are intrusive and unnatural and are very expensive to build and maintain, 300010,000. A Level Geography - Coastal Case Studies (Holderness, Coastal Feature Search our scholarships. Fig. What is migration and why do people migrate? The current coastal management plan is to hold the line at Hornsea. Tuition fees. Geography. How is demand for energy changing in the UK? Case studies from all regions of the world (Europe, The Americas, Asia, Africa and Australasia) are included', 'Building upon the book Disappearing . Constructing ecological networks is considered a critical strategy to reconnect habitats, restore ecosystems and improve ecological capacity. What are the different types of weathering? Thinkswap has partnered with Turnitin to ensure students cannot copy directly from our resources. -The Sundarbans in the SW Bangladesh and E India, on the delta of the Ganges, Brahruptura and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengali. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. How can we increase the amount of food produced globally? Why is the weather of the UK so changeable? The Chemu lagoon is not immune to pollution through chemical waste contamination, refuse disposals, and untreated household sewage, and hence has been chosen as a case study. How does food insecurity affect the environment? -Mangrove forests: collect sediments and slow down water flow, helping to mitigate against erosion.